Many people ask, “Sihah Sitta kya hain aur un ke muallifeen kaun hain?” Sihah Sitta means “The Six Authentic Books.” They are six very important books of hadith, which are the sayings and actions of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). Six great scholars wrote these books about 1,200 years ago. In this article, you will learn the name of each book, the life of each writer, and what makes each book special. We will use easy words so that everyone can understand.
Hadith Kya Hai?
Hadith woh baat, amal ya faisla hai jo Nabi Kareem Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam se manqool ho. Quran ke baad Islam ki sab se bari rehnumai hadith se milti hai. Namaz, roza, zakat aur akhlaq ke bohot se masail ki tafseel hadith se maloom hoti hai.
Sahabah kiram ne yeh baatein yaad rakhin, phir tabaeen ne, aur phir muhaddiseen ne. Aage chal kar bare ulama ne safar kar ke, hazaron raviyon se sun kar, har hadith ko parakh kar kitabon mein jama kiya. Inhi kitabon mein se chhe sab se mash’hoor hain.
Sihah Sitta Kya Hain?
Sihah Sitta arabi lafz “Al-Sihah al-Sitta” ka Urdu rooplaa hai. “Sihah” sahih ki jama hai, aur “Sitta” ka matlab chhe hai. Inhein Kutub Sitta (chhe kitabein) bhi kaha jata hai, aur yeh Sunni Islam ki chhe bunyadi hadith ki kitabein hain. Yeh sab takreeban 840 se 912 eswi ke darmiyan likhi gayi.
Ek baat jo aksar log nahi jaante: in chhe kitabon mein se sirf do ke naam mein “Sahih” likha hai, yaani Sahih Bukhari aur Sahih Muslim. Baqi chaar “Sunan” kehlati hain. Phir bhi sab ko mil kar Sihah Sitta kaha jata hai. Is liye kuch ulama kehte hain ke inhein “Kutub Sitta” kehna zyada durust hai, kyunke chhon ki chhon kitabon ki har hadith ka sahih hona zaroori nahi.
Sihah Sitta Ki Chhe Kitabein Aur Un Ke Muallifeen
1. Sahih Bukhari: Imam Bukhari
Poora naam: Muhammad bin Ismail al-Bukhari rahimahullah.
Paidaish aur wafat: 194 Hijri mein Bukhara mein paida hue, 256 Hijri mein inteqal hua.
Kitab ka asal naam: Al-Jami al-Sahih.
Imam Bukhari ko “Amir-ul-Momineen fil Hadith” kaha jata hai. Chhoti umar mein hi un ka hafiza bohot tez tha. Kaha jata hai ke unhon ne taqreeban 16 saal mein 6 lakh hadith mein se chun kar apni kitab tayyar ki. Is ke liye unhon ne bohot se shehron ka safar kiya.
Unki shart yeh thi ke ravi ki mulaqat apne ustad se saabit ho aur woh bohot qabil-e-aitmad ho. Isi liye ulama ke nazdeek yeh Quran ke baad sab se mustanad kitab maani jati hai. Hadith ki ginti ke bare mein alag alag kitabon mein alag alag baat milti hai, kyunke koi dohrai hui hadith ginte hain aur koi nahi. Aik hawale ke mutabiq is mein dohrai hui ke saath 7,275 aur dohrai ke baghair 2,230 hadith hain.
2. Sahih Muslim: Imam Muslim
Poora naam: Muslim bin al-Hajjaj al-Qushairi rahimahullah.
Paidaish aur wafat: 204 Hijri mein Nishapur mein paida hue, 261 Hijri mein wafat hui.
Imam Muslim, Imam Bukhari ke shagird aur un ka bohot ehtram karne wale the. Un ki kitab ki sab se bari khoobi us ki tarteeb hai. Aik mauzoo ki saari riwayatein aik hi jagah, saaf tarteeb se jama ki gayi hain, is liye hadith dhoondhna bohot aasan hota hai. Sahih Bukhari aur Sahih Muslim ko “Sahihain” kaha jata hai, kyunke un ki sehat par ulama ka ijma hai.
3. Sunan Abu Dawud: Imam Abu Dawud
Poora naam: Sulaiman bin al-Ashath al-Sijistani rahimahullah.
Paidaish aur wafat: 202 Hijri mein paida hue, 275 Hijri mein wafat hui.
Is kitab ki khaas baat yeh hai ke is mein zyadatar woh ahadees hain jin se fiqhi ahkam nikalte hain, jaise namaz, taharat, kharid o farokht aur nikah ke masail. Isi liye fuqaha is kitab ko bohot parhte hain. Imam Abu Dawud kabhi kabhi kisi hadith ke baad likh dete hain ke us mein kamzori hai, is se parhne wale ko rehnumai milti hai.
4. Jami Tirmidhi: Imam Tirmidhi
Poora naam: Muhammad bin Isa al-Tirmidhi rahimahullah.
Paidaish aur wafat: 209 Hijri mein paida hue, 279 Hijri mein wafat hui.
Imam Tirmidhi, Imam Bukhari ke shagird the. Un ki kitab ki sab se alag khoobi yeh hai ke woh har hadith ke saath uska darja bhi bata dete hain, jaise sahih, hasan ya gharib. Woh yeh bhi likhte hain ke alag alag fuqaha ne is hadith par kya amal kiya. Is liye yeh kitab hadith aur fiqh dono ko samajhne ke liye bohot achi hai. Hasan hadith ka lafz bhi unhon ne mash’hoor kiya. Wikipedia
5. Sunan Nasai: Imam Nasai
Poora naam: Ahmad bin Shuaib al-Nasai rahimahullah.
Paidaish aur wafat: 215 Hijri mein paida hue, 303 Hijri mein wafat hui.
Kitab ka naam: Al-Sunan al-Sughra, jise Al-Mujtaba bhi kehte hain.
Imam Nasai raviyon ko parakhne mein bohot sakht the. Un ki kitab mein kamzor hadith bohot kam hain. Isi liye is ka darja Bukhari aur Muslim ke baad aata hai. Is mein khas tor par taharat, namaz aur janaze ke baab bohot tafseel se hain, aur har hadith ke alag alag sanad bhi bataye gaye hain.
6. Sunan Ibn Majah: Imam Ibn Majah
Poora naam: Muhammad bin Yazid, jo Ibn Majah al-Qazwini ke naam se mash’hoor hain, rahimahullah.
Paidaish aur wafat: 209 Hijri mein paida hue, 273 Hijri mein wafat hui.
Chhati kitab ke bare mein ulama ke darmiyan aik ikhtilaf raha hai. Ibn al-Qaisarani ne 11wi sadi eswi mein Sunan Ibn Majah ko chhatti kitab ke tor par shamil kiya. Lekin maliki ulama aur Ibn al-Athir ne chhatti kitab ke tor par al-Muwatta ko mana.
Ibn Majah ko shamil karne ki wajah yeh bataai jati hai ke us mein bohot si aisi hadith hain jo baqi paanch kitabon mein nahi hain. Saath hi ulama ne yeh bhi kaha hai ke is mein kuch kamzor riwayatein bhi hain, is liye is ka darja pehli paanch se kam maana jata hai. Is liye is kitab ko parhte waqt hadith ka darja zaroor dekhein.
Aik Nazar Mein: Sihah Sitta Ka Jadwal
| Kitab | Muallif | Wafat (Hijri) | Khaas baat |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sahih Bukhari | Imam Bukhari | 256 | Sab se mustanad, sakht shartein |
| Sahih Muslim | Imam Muslim | 261 | Behtareen tarteeb |
| Sunan Abu Dawud | Imam Abu Dawud | 275 | Fiqhi ahkam ki ahadees |
| Jami Tirmidhi | Imam Tirmidhi | 279 | Hadith ka darja aur fuqaha ki raaye |
| Sunan Nasai | Imam Nasai | 303 | Sakht jaanch, kam kamzor riwayatein |
| Sunan Ibn Majah | Imam Ibn Majah | 273 | Naye ahadees, kuch par ikhtilaf |
Sihah Sitta Mein Kya Farq Hai?
Chhon kitabein Quran ke baad hadith ka bunyadi zakheera hain, magar un ka darja aik jaisa nahi. Bukhari aur Muslim sab se oopar maani jati hain. Phir Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi aur Nasai ka darja aata hai. Ibn Majah ko ulama aksar sab se aakhir mein rakhte hain. Is ka matlab yeh nahi ke baqi kitabein bekaar hain, balki yeh ke un mein hadith ka darja dekhna zyada zaroori hai.
Sihah Sitta Ke Ilawa Aur Kya Hai?
Sirf yeh chhe kitabein hi hadith ki kitabein nahi hain. Muwatta Imam Malik, Musnad Ahmad, Sunan Darimi aur bohot si dusri kitabein bhi bohot ahem hain. Chhe kitabon ki ginti bas is wajah se mash’hoor hui ke yeh ahadees ka sab se bara aur mustanad hissa hain.
Shia ulama ki hadith ki apni kitabein hain, jinhein “Kutub Arba’a” (chaar kitabein) kehte hain. Yeh article sirf Sunni nazariye se Sihah Sitta ke bare mein hai.
Sihah Sitta Ko Kaise Parhein?
- Pehle kisi mustanad Urdu tarjuma ke saath shuru karein.
- Hadith ke saath uska darja zaroor dekhein.
- Mushkil masail mein khud faisla karne ke bajaye kisi aalim se poochein.
- Roz thori si hadith parhein aur us par amal karne ki koshish karein.
- Kitab hamesha mustanad publisher se lein.
Conclusion
Now you know Sihah Sitta kya hain aur un ke muallifeen kaun hain. They are six great books written by six great scholars: Imam Bukhari, Imam Muslim, Imam Abu Dawud, Imam Tirmidhi, Imam Nasai and Imam Ibn Majah. Each book has its own special method and value. These books helped keep the words of the Prophet (peace be upon him) safe for us. Read them with a good translation, check the grade of each hadith, and ask a scholar when you are not sure.
FAQs
1. What does Sihah Sitta mean?
It means “The Six Authentic Books.” They are six main hadith books of Sunni Muslims.
2. Who are the writers of Sihah Sitta?
They are Imam Bukhari, Imam Muslim, Imam Abu Dawud, Imam Tirmidhi, Imam Nasai and Imam Ibn Majah.
3. Which is the most trusted book among the six?
Scholars say Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim are the most trusted. They are called the “Sahihain.”
4. Is every hadith in all six books authentic?
No. Only the two Sahih books are mostly authentic. The other four have hadith of different grades, so we should check each one.
5. Why is it also called Kutub Sitta?
Kutub Sitta means “The Six Books.” Some scholars like this name more because not every hadith in all six books is “sahih.”
6. Why is Ibn Majah’s book discussed?
Some scholars did not count it as the sixth book. They counted Muwatta Imam Malik instead. Ibn Majah’s book also has a few weak narrations.
7. Which book should a beginner read first?
Start with a good Urdu translation of Sahih Bukhari or a short selection of hadith from it. Ask a scholar to guide you.
8. Are there other hadith books besides these six?
Yes. Muwatta Imam Malik and Musnad Ahmad are two famous examples.
